For the main part, if you have food and a source of water in your backyard for your little feathered friends, then you are already off to a good start.
For attracting certain birds you will need certain types of food. As each breed has its own preference.
Depending on the type of food you will need a proper bird feeder, if you are using bird seed, then you will need a tube feeder or hanging feeder. For Suet Cakes, you will need a suet feeder, and for that sweet syrupy stuff that hummingbirds love you will need a humming bird feeder. (My personal favorite is the strawberry hummingbird feeder.)
Sunflower Seeds:
-Cardinals
-Juncos
-Woodpeckers
Peanut Hearts:
-Chicadees
-Titmice
-Grosbeaks
Cracked Corn:
-Jays
-Sparrows
-Doves
Nyger:
-Finches
-Pine Siskins
-Buntings
At Red Hill General Store we carry several varieties of Bird Food including seeds and suet cakes, each blend attracts a variety of birds to your yard.
And a photo a Red Hill Employee got of a Woodpecker on her backporch:
Have fruit trees that you'd rather not have birds in? Read How to keep birds out of fruit trees.